Iran maintains administrative and military control over Abu Musa Island in the Persian Gulf, a position it has held since 1971 alongside the nearby Greater and Lesser Tunb islands. The UAE continues to assert sovereignty claims over all three, most recently during the September 2026 UN General Assembly session, where it called for direct bilateral negotiations or referral to the International Court of Justice. Iran has rejected these positions, describing the islands as inseparable parts of its territory and pointing to formal land registration deeds and ongoing governance measures. Recent GCC and Arab League statements have backed the UAE stance, while Iranian officials have reiterated non-negotiable sovereignty and conducted related military and administrative activities. No verified military, diplomatic, or legal developments have altered effective control in the past year.