France faces acute political fragmentation and fiscal strain as President Emmanuel Macron approaches the final months of his second term, scheduled to end with the 2027 presidential election. Multiple prime ministers have fallen in quick succession amid a divided National Assembly, forcing reliance on opposition parties including the National Rally for budget passage. Public debt near 119% of GDP, deficits above 5%, and rising borrowing costs have intensified market pressure, while student protests and strikes highlight domestic discontent. Polls show far-right candidates leading the race to succeed Macron, whose approval has fallen sharply. He has ruled out early resignation but faces calls for snap parliamentary elections or other measures to break the impasse before the scheduled vote.