Spain’s Constitutional Court ruling on October 6 cleared a major legal barrier by confirming the 2024 amnesty law covers embezzlement charges tied to the 2017 Catalan independence process, prompting the Supreme Court to immediately lift Puigdemont’s long-standing arrest warrant. This development, after nearly nine years in Belgian exile, has shifted trader focus toward timing rather than legal feasibility, though Puigdemont has signaled he will wait for full Supreme Court implementation before returning. Recent interviews from Waterloo underscore his caution amid Spain’s volatile political landscape, including the November 29 snap election where his Junts party could play a pivotal role. Historical precedent of selective amnesty application and ongoing judicial steps suggest any return before year-end hinges on swift resolution of remaining proceedings.